托福语法基础训练:非谓语动词(23)
2017 年 12 月 19 日
来源:朗播网
摘要:想要托福成绩得高分,少不了语言方面的基础训练,尤其是语法训练。下面,小编按照语法分类给大家整理了一系列托福语法基础训练题,并且配上详细的解析和知识点梳理,希望能为帮助大家写出更加规范的英文句子。
## 语法题目 ##
**非谓语动词第 23 题**
I looked up and noticed a snake _______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
A. to wind
B. wind
C. winding
D. wound
## 题目解析 ##
参考答案:C
答案解析:此题考查现在分词作宾语补足语。winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行,故选C。
句意:我朝上看到的时候发现一条蛇正在缠着树蜿蜒而上去接近他的食物。
## 解题思路 ##
这道题考察非谓语动词作状语的用法,做这样的题目,大家首先要了解非谓语动词的几种基本形式及其所表示的不同含义。通常情况下,-ed表示被动或完成,-ing表示进行或伴随,to do表示即将尚未发生的事情,有have的情况表示完成。
题干中的snake和wind是主动的关系,且动作在notice的时候正在进行,表示伴随状态,因此应用-ing的形式。
## 知识点梳理 ##
(1)作主语
Seeing is believing.
Talking is easier than doing.
–ing作主语时,如果其结构较长,可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的-ing后置。
如:It isn’t much good writing to them again.
It’s no use waiting here.
(2)作表语
Her job is washing and cooking.
My hobby is collecting stamps.
(3)作宾语
①作及物动词的宾语。
She likes drawing very much.
②作某些短语动词的宾语。
Mary is thinking of going back to New York.
③ do+限定词(my, some, any, the等)+ -ing,表示“做…事”之意,
如:We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon.
④作介词的宾语
Her sister is good at learning physics.
⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语:
This book is well worth reading.
–ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时,要用it作为形式宾语,而将作宾语的-ing后置
如:We found it no good talking like that.
(4)作定语
The sleeping child is only five years old.
注:-ing形式作定语用时,如果-ing只是一个单词,就位于其修饰的名词之前,如果是-ing短语,就位于其修饰的名词之后,-ing作定语时,被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。另外,-ing作定语用时,其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的,如果不是同时进行的,就不能用-ing作定语,要使用定语从句,如:
The girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well.
(5)作宾语补足语
We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.
注:当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时,句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语,可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。
(6)作状语
①时间状语
Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother.
分词在句中作时间状语时,其前一般可加when或while,
如:When crossing street, you must be careful.
②原因状语
Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
③方式或伴随状语
Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
以上就是小编为大家整理的关于非谓语动词的托福语法基础训练以及相关知识点,希望同学们可以认真学习并加以练习。