托福语法点睛之同位语和插入语的区别

## 同位语及同位语从句 **定义：**意义上作进一步说明，语法上处于同一地位。 **同位语：** *My sister* **Louise **works in a bank. (my sister=Louise) She liked *her job*, **teaching English**. (her job=teaching English) **同位语从句：** *The news* **that I am going to get married next month** is true. (the news=that I am going to get married next month) Then rose *the question* **whom/who we should trust in**. (the question=whom/who we should trust in) ## 插入语 **定义：**表示说话者对句子所表达的意思的态度。 **注意：不是所有插入到句子里的都叫插入语。** **例句：** **Luckily**, she was in when I called. **In my opinion**, you'd better go with us. **Honestly**, I think you are mistaken. **Unfortunately**, we never found out the truth. **Admittedly**, he is a cheat, but he is also a writer. ## 练习 1.*Tom*, **normally a timid boy**, jumped into the river and saved the drowning girl. Tom 和 normally a timid boy 意义上是进一步说明，语法上处于同一地位。因此为**同位语**。 2.**Frankly**, I haven't been to Shanghai Museum yet. frankly 是说话者对句子所表达的意思的态度，因此为**插入语**。 3.*This old bridge*, **erected in the 18 century**, has been in danger of collapse. 很多同学会根据这句话的外观判断 erected in the 18 century 为插入语，但插入语的定义是表示说话者对句子所表达的意思的态度，所以不是一个插入语。 还有同学会认为 erected in the 18 century 是对 this old bridge 的进一步说明，所以判定为同位语。但是，它们两并不在语法上处于同一地位。因此，也不是同位语。 这里的 erected in the 18 century 应该为**后置定语**，修饰 this old bridge 。可翻译为：这座建于 18 世纪的古老的桥有倒塌的危险。