托福阅读长难句精讲:原因状语从句(1)
2018 年 01 月 11 日
来源:朗播网
摘要:长难句是托福阅读考试中必考的内容。搞定长难句,对同学们提高阅读成绩非常有帮助。长难句分析的重点和难点在于划分句子成分,理清楚句子中复杂的逻辑关系。下面小编为大家整理了一些托福阅读真题中的长难句,并附加了专业的解析和知识点梳理,希望对大家有所帮助。
## 托福长难句
These plants are termed opportunists because they rely on their seeds’ falling into settings where competing plants have been removed by natural processes, such as along an eroding riverbank, on landslips, or where a tree falls and creates a gap in the forest canopy.
## 专家解析
### 【难点】
这句的难点在于各种从句比较多,找到连接词依然是解题关键。连接词 because 引导的是原因状语从句,表示主句发生的原因。第一个 Where 在两个名词中间,where 代替 in settings (环境)在后面的从句中作地点状语。第二个 where 在名词前、并列连词 or 后,因为 or 连接两个并列成分,从 or 后面是 where 从句来看,说明 or 并列的成分是 where 从句,那么 where 从句的先行词也是 settings。
### 【子句拆分】
主句:These plants are termed opportunists.
定语从句1:Competing plants have been removed by natural processes in the settings, such as along an eroding riverbank, on landslips.
定语从句2:A tree falls and creates a gap in the forest canopy in the settings.
状语从句:They rely on their seeds’ falling into settings.
### 【成分划分】
主句:These plants [主语] are termed [谓语] opportunists. [主语补足语]
翻译:这些植物被定义为“机会主义者”。
连接词:WHERE
定语从句1:Competing plants [主语] have been removed [谓语] by natural processes in the settings, [状语] such as along an eroding riverbank, on landslips. [同位语]
翻译:在这些环境中,具备竞争力的植物因为一些自然变化过程而消失,例如被侵蚀的河岸和山崩滑坡之处。
连接词:WHERE
定语从句2:A tree [主语] falls [谓语] and [连接词] creates [谓语] a gap [宾语] in the forest canopy in the settings. [状语]
翻译:在这些环境中,树木倒下从而在森林冠层中形成的空隙处。
连接词:BECAUSE
状语从句:They [主语] rely on [谓语] their seeds’ [宾语] falling into settings.[定语]
翻译:它们依赖种子落入到一些环境之中。
### 【全句翻译】
这些植物被定义为“机会主义者”,因为它们依赖种子落入到某些环境之中,在这些环境之中,具备竞争力的植物因为一些自然变化过程而消失,例如被侵蚀的河岸和山崩滑坡之处,或者树木倒下从而在森林冠层中形成的空隙处。
## 知识点梳理
### 定语从句
在主从复合句中,对名词(或者整个句子)限定修饰,起定语作用的句子,就是定语从句。
① They rushed over to help the man <u>whose car had broken down.</u>
② The school <u>that he once studied in is very famous.</u>
### 原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because(因为), as(由于), since(既然), now(that)(既然), seeing (that) (由于,鉴于), considering (that)(考虑到), given (that) (考虑到),for(因为)等。
① He took off his coat <u>because he felt hot.</u>
② She could not have seen me, <u>for I was not there.</u>
有些看起来很长的托福阅读长难句其实并不难懂,只要我们能够正确拆分句子,清楚各个句子成分。希望通过上面的解析,大家能够掌握托福长难句的分析方法,然后进行大量的练习,从而提高自己的句子理解能力。