托福阅读长难句精讲:定语从句(17)
2018 年 01 月 05 日
来源:朗播网
摘要:很多同学托福阅读成绩不理想的主要原因在于读不懂长难句,不会分析句法成分,理不清楚句子内部的逻辑关系。下面小编为大家整理了一些托福阅读长难句,并附上详细的句子成分划分和知识点梳理,希望对大家分析长难句、提高阅读成绩有所帮助。
## 托福长难句
In their "Pleistocene overkill hypothesis," they cite what seems to be a remarkable coincidence between the arrival of prehistoric peoples in North and South America and the time during which mammoths, giant ground sloths, the giant bison, and numerous other large mammals became extinct.
## 专家解析
### 【难点】
这句话是一个主从复合句,解题关键还是在于找出句子的连接词。连接词 What 跟在动词的后面,从句中也缺少主语,what 既作从句的主语,又作动词的宾语。连接词 and 一共有两个,但是第一个连接的两个并列成分是North 和 South, 第二个 and 连接的是两个时间 the arrival 和 the time。为了具体说明这个 time 是何时,用连接词 during which 引导定语从句,during which 在从句中作时间状语。
### 【子句拆分】
主句:In their "Pleistocene overkill hypothesis," they cite something.
宾语从句:Something seems to be a remarkable coincidence between the arrival of prehistoric peoples in North and South America and the time.
定语从句:Mammoths, giant ground sloths, the giant bison, and numerous other large mammals became extinct during this time.
### 【成分划分】
主句:In their "Pleistocene overkill hypothesis," [状语] they [主语] cite [谓语] something. [宾语]
翻译:在他们的“更新世过度捕杀”这一假设中,他们引用了一些事件。
连接词:WHAT
宾语从句:Something [主语] seems to be [系动词] a remarkable coincidence [表语] between the arrival of prehistoric peoples in North and South America and the time. [定语]
翻译:这些事件之间似乎存在明显的巧合,它们发生在史前人类到达南北美洲这段时期之间。
连接词:DURING WHICH
定语从句:Mammoths, giant ground sloths, the giant bison, [主语] and [连接词] numerous other large mammals [主语] became [系动词] extinct [表语] during this time. [状语]
翻译:这期间,猛犸象,巨型地懒,巨型北美野牛和无数的大型哺乳动物都灭绝了。
### 【全句翻译】
在他们的“更新世过度捕杀假设”中,他们引用了一些事件,这些事件之间似乎存在明显的巧合,它们发生在史前人类到达南北美洲这段时期之间,那时,猛犸象、巨型地懒、巨型北美野牛和无数的大型哺乳动物都灭绝了。
## 知识点梳理
### 宾语从句
在主从复合句中充当宾语的句子是宾语从句。
① He told us <u>that they would help us through the whole work.</u>
② We are talking about <u>whether we admit students into our club.</u>
### 定语从句
在主从复合句中,对名词(或者整个句子)限定修饰,起定语作用的句子,就是定语从句。
① They rushed over to help the man <u>whose car had broken down.</u>
② The school <u>that he once studied in is very famous.</u>
有些看起来很长的托福阅读长难句其实并不难懂,只要我们能够正确拆分句子,清楚各个句子成分。希望通过上面的解析,大家能够掌握托福长难句的分析方法,然后进行大量的练习,从而提高自己的句子理解能力。