托福阅读长难句精讲:简单句(7)
2018 年 01 月 05 日
来源:朗播网
摘要:托福阅读长难句的重点和难点在于:句子中会嵌套着若干子句,同学们理解起来会比较困难。那么,我们究竟该如何提高分析托福阅读长难句能力呢?小编对托福阅读真题中的长难句进行了分析整理,并附上专业的子句成分划分和知识点梳理为大家进行讲解。希望同学们有所收获。
## 托福长难句
From their inception, most rural neighborhoods in colonial North America included at least one carpenter, joiner, sawyer, and cooper in woodworking; a weaver and a tailor for clothing production; a tanner, currier, and cordwainer (shoemaker) for fabricating leather objects; and a blacksmith for metalwork.
## 专家解析
### 【难点】
这句子是简单句,虽然中间有很多的分号,但分号后面并不是分句,反而都是一些名词短语。这些名词短语都是动词 include 的宾语,宾语又因为 in woodworking、for clothing production,和 for fabricating leather objects 和 for metalwork 分出了四类。此外,这些宾语都是名词加介词短语的平行结构。
### 【子句拆分】
简单句:From their inception, most rural neighborhoods in colonial North America included at least one carpenter, joiner, sawyer, and cooper in woodworking; a weaver and a tailor for clothing production; a tanner, currier, and cordwainer (shoemaker) for fabricating leather objects; and a blacksmith for metalwork.
### 【成分划分】
简单句:From their inception, [状语] most rural neighborhoods [主语] in colonial North America [定语] included [谓语] at least [状语] one carpenter, joiner, sawyer, and cooper in woodworking; [宾语] a weaver and a tailor [宾语] for clothing production; [状语] a tanner, currier, and cordwainer (shoemaker) [宾语] for fabricating leather objects; [状语] and [连接词] a blacksmith [宾语] for metalwork. [状语]
翻译:从一开始,北美殖民地大部分的乡村地区在木工业务方面都至少拥有一名木匠、工匠、锯木匠和桶匠;在服装生产方面至少拥有一名织布者和一名裁缝;在皮革制品制造方面,至少拥有一名制革工人、鞣皮匠和皮匠(鞋匠);在金属加工方面至少拥有一名铁匠。
### 【全句翻译】
从一开始,北美殖民地大部分的乡村地区在木工业务方面都至少拥有一名木匠、工匠、锯木匠和桶匠;在服装生产方面至少拥有一名织布者和一名裁缝;在皮革制品制造方面,至少拥有一名制革工人、鞣皮匠和皮匠(鞋匠);在金属加工方面至少拥有一名铁匠。
## 知识点梳理
### 平行结构
在一些英语句子中,如果出现并列连词(and/but/or)、比较级(than)或者一些固定句型,这些结构连接的前后两项(或者多项)成分要有相同的词性、形式或者结构,在这里被称为平行结构。
① Fruit is one of the most <u>nutritious, abundant, and delicious</u> foods a person can eat.
② <u>The total mass of all asteroids in the solar system</u> is much less than <u>the mass of Earth's Moon.</u>
### 简单句
英语中,只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句叫做简单句。
① Things change.
② She became a lawyer.
托福阅读长难句是有规律可循的。只要多加练习,同学们对于长难句的理解能力一定会大大提高。了解更多托福资讯,欢迎关注朗播托福!